中文
ENGLISH
As the weather gets hotter, the production line will receive the requirements of "four prevention" issued by the superior and the enterprise at this time of each year, requiring all departments to implement them in place. However, many people still don't know what to prevent in summer. Today I will give you a detailed introduction. What is the summer "four defenses"? What is it against? How to prevent it?
Summer is a season of high temperature, lightning, rainstorm, typhoon and other natural disasters. Especially in coastal cities and coastal cities, it is also a season of frequent accidents in various industries. Every summer, the focus of safety work is to increase explosion-proof requirements on the basis of the original "three-proof", namely "four-proof" - - "thunder-proof, flood-proof, heat-proof, explosion-proof". Next, we will answer one by one how to implement these four tasks.
1. Lightning and Electrical Accident Prevention Measures
Summer is a season of thunderstorms. Enterprises are prone to damage the electromechanical, power, instrumentation, communication, metering, electrical control systems caused by lightning strikes, resulting in equipment failures, tripping and shutdown, Misstart and other accidents, and often cause flammable gas vent pipe fire accidents caused by lightning strikes, even directly leading to accidents in summer. Season is also a season of frequent electrical accidents. Enterprises pay special attention to the following points in lightning protection and electrical accidents prevention.
(1) Before the arrival of thunderstorm season every year, the grounding of lightning protection of all buildings, equipment, electrical and instrumentation should be checked thoroughly and meticulously in advance, and the impulse grounding resistance of lightning protection grounding should be checked thoroughly once, and the problems should be rectified in time to ensure that there is no omission.
(2) The key instrumentation circuits should be equipped with lightning protectors, the walls and roofs of the instrument rooms in the main control room should be prepared for rainproof, and the rainwater pipes and drains on the roof of the building should be dredged in time to ensure smooth operation.
(3) Electrically, temperature detection should be done for transformers, cables, cable connectors, motors (including fuselage, bearings) and contact points of electrical components to prevent overheating; some electrical equipment should do well in rainproof and waterproof work, and check after rain.
(4) Safety valve and vent of storage tank are the key points of lightning protection of storage tank. They are vulnerable to lightning strike and fire. Especially for high-rise equipment such as distillation tower, it is necessary to combine routine inspection with periodic inspection to rectify the existing problems in time.
(5) Inspection of lightning protection facilities such as grounding wires and cross-connections to ensure that they are not loose and corroded seriously; lightning-proof grounding wires and cross-connections should be restored immediately after dismantling and repairing pipelines and equipment to ensure normal operation.
(6) Check whether the pipeline connection is leaking or not, whether there is leakage or not, to avoid the leakage of flammable gas ignited by lightning, especially for hydrogenation enterprises.
(7) Thunderstorm weather is liable to cause electrical accidents, resulting in power shaking or blackout. Enterprises must constantly improve emergency plans and conduct drills to ensure that blackout accidents can be handled correctly and the impact will be minimized.
(8) In case of thunderstorm weather, self-protection measures should be taken to prevent the human body from being struck by lightning.
(9) Summer weather is high temperature, humid and rainy, the insulation performance of electrical wiring and facilities is reduced, and leakage is easy to occur. Non-professionals should stay away from live facilities and disconnect the power supply first when moving electrical equipment.
(10) For the ongoing thunderstorm weather, the production shall be stopped if conditions permit, and if the production can not be stopped, the emptying and feeding operations shall be avoided, and the personnel shall pay attention to their own safety.
2. Flood Control and Typhoon Prevention Measures
The necessary condition to prevent flooding is to ensure the smooth drainage system. Enterprises should make sure that there is no water accumulation in the light rain, that the heavy rain can be drained away, that there are plans for extraordinary floods, and that production or emergency parking can be arranged in an orderly manner according to the plans in case of extraordinary floods. In the rainy season, the following tasks should be done:
(1) Check regularly the sewerage system, rainwater drainage system and drainage outlet in the production area, and clean up the unobstructed areas to meet the standard of bottom-to-bottom trench, complete and cover the trench cover, and have guardrails to be sound and strong.
(2) Underground and semi-underground facilities, key parts of production, key equipment, water supply, power supply projects and various materials storage doors and windows should be enhanced or strengthened.
(3) To take measures to prevent rainwater from entering the sewage treatment system, and to treat water in low-lying areas in the plant area and installation area in time, so as to ensure the normal operation of the sewage treatment system and avoid environmental pollution accidents.
(4) Inspection of factory buildings, shades (steel houses) and enclosures to prevent typhoons and landslides.
(5) In flood season or when floods occur, attention should be paid to rainproof, waterproof and moisture-proof of production equipment.
(6) Equipped with necessary emergency tools and articles, such as shovels, woven bags, drainage pumps, flood and sand control, communication equipment, etc., the management should be strengthened and the responsibility should be placed on people. The management of emergency materials reserve and emergency alarm system should be checked regularly, and necessary disaster relief materials should be supplemented in time according to needs.
(7) Carefully organize flood control, wind and disaster relief drills, do a good job in publicity and education, so that each employee can clearly understand the importance of flood control, wind and disaster relief and their responsibilities and obligations in flood control and wind and disaster relief work.
(8) According to the weather forecast or early warning issued by the meteorological observatory, flood control preparations should be made in advance, personnel and materials should be in place, and emergency plans should be initiated as necessary.
3. Measures of heat prevention and cooling
Summer weather is sunny and hot. The intensity of solar radiation and ultraviolet radiation reaches the highest level, which has a great impact on human health. It is prone to heatstroke, chronic heat diseases and other diseases. In order to ensure the health of employees, enterprises need to do the following work.
As the weather gets hotter, the production line will receive the requirements of "four prevention" issued by the superior and the enterprise at this time of each year, requiring all departments to implement them in place. However, many people still don't know what to prevent in summer. Today I will give you a detailed introduction. What is the summer "four defenses"? What is it against? How to prevent it?
Summer is a season of high temperature, lightning, rainstorm, typhoon and other natural disasters. Especially in coastal cities and coastal cities, it is also a season of frequent accidents in various industries. Every summer, the focus of safety work is to increase explosion-proof requirements on the basis of the original "three-proof", namely "four-proof" - - "thunder-proof, flood-proof, heat-proof, explosion-proof". Next, we will answer one by one how to implement these four tasks.
1. Lightning and Electrical Accident Prevention Measures
Summer is a season of thunderstorms. Enterprises are prone to damage the electromechanical, power, instrumentation, communication, metering, electrical control systems caused by lightning strikes, resulting in equipment failures, tripping and shutdown, Misstart and other accidents, and often cause flammable gas vent pipe fire accidents caused by lightning strikes, even directly leading to accidents in summer. Season is also a season of frequent electrical accidents. Enterprises pay special attention to the following points in lightning protection and electrical accidents prevention.
(1) Before the arrival of thunderstorm season every year, the grounding of lightning protection of all buildings, equipment, electrical and instrumentation should be checked thoroughly and meticulously in advance, and the impulse grounding resistance of lightning protection grounding should be checked thoroughly once, and the problems should be rectified in time to ensure that there is no omission.
(2) The key instrumentation circuits should be equipped with lightning protectors, the walls and roofs of the instrument rooms in the main control room should be prepared for rainproof, and the rainwater pipes and drains on the roof of the building should be dredged in time to ensure smooth operation.
(3) Electrically, temperature detection should be done for transformers, cables, cable connectors, motors (including fuselage, bearings) and contact points of electrical components to prevent overheating; some electrical equipment should do well in rainproof and waterproof work, and check after rain.
(4) Safety valve and vent of storage tank are the key points of lightning protection of storage tank. They are vulnerable to lightning strike and fire. Especially for high-rise equipment such as distillation tower, it is necessary to combine routine inspection with periodic inspection to rectify the existing problems in time.
(5) Inspection of lightning protection facilities such as grounding wires and cross-connections to ensure that they are not loose and corroded seriously; lightning-proof grounding wires and cross-connections should be restored immediately after dismantling and repairing pipelines and equipment to ensure normal operation.
(6) Check whether the pipeline connection is leaking or not, whether there is leakage or not, to avoid the leakage of flammable gas ignited by lightning, especially for hydrogenation enterprises.
(7) Thunderstorm weather is liable to cause electrical accidents, resulting in power shaking or blackout. Enterprises must constantly improve emergency plans and conduct drills to ensure that blackout accidents can be handled correctly and the impact will be minimized.
(8) In case of thunderstorm weather, self-protection measures should be taken to prevent the human body from being struck by lightning.
(9) Summer weather is high temperature, humid and rainy, the insulation performance of electrical wiring and facilities is reduced, and leakage is easy to occur. Non-professionals should stay away from live facilities and disconnect the power supply first when moving electrical equipment.
(10) For the ongoing thunderstorm weather, the production shall be stopped if conditions permit, and if the production can not be stopped, the emptying and feeding operations shall be avoided, and the personnel shall pay attention to their own safety.
2. Flood Control and Typhoon Prevention Measures
The necessary condition to prevent flooding is to ensure the smooth drainage system. Enterprises should make sure that there is no water accumulation in the light rain, that the heavy rain can be drained away, that there are plans for extraordinary floods, and that production or emergency parking can be arranged in an orderly manner according to the plans in case of extraordinary floods. In the rainy season, the following tasks should be done:
(1) Check regularly the sewerage system, rainwater drainage system and drainage outlet in the production area, and clean up the unobstructed areas to meet the standard of bottom-to-bottom trench, complete and cover the trench cover, and have guardrails to be sound and strong.
(2) Underground and semi-underground facilities, key parts of production, key equipment, water supply, power supply projects and various materials storage doors and windows should be enhanced or strengthened.
(3) To take measures to prevent rainwater from entering the sewage treatment system, and to treat water in low-lying areas in the plant area and installation area in time, so as to ensure the normal operation of the sewage treatment system and avoid environmental pollution accidents.
(4) Inspection of factory buildings, shades (steel houses) and enclosures to prevent typhoons and landslides.
(5) In flood season or when floods occur, attention should be paid to rainproof, waterproof and moisture-proof of production equipment.
(6) Equipped with necessary emergency tools and articles, such as shovels, woven bags, drainage pumps, flood and sand control, communication equipment, etc., the management should be strengthened and the responsibility should be placed on people. The management of emergency materials reserve and emergency alarm system should be checked regularly, and necessary disaster relief materials should be supplemented in time according to needs.
(7) Carefully organize flood control, wind and disaster relief drills, do a good job in publicity and education, so that each employee can clearly understand the importance of flood control, wind and disaster relief and their responsibilities and obligations in flood control and wind and disaster relief work.
(8) According to the weather forecast or early warning issued by the meteorological observatory, flood control preparations should be made in advance, personnel and materials should be in place, and emergency plans should be initiated as necessary.
3. Measures of heat prevention and cooling
Summer weather is sunny and hot. The intensity of solar radiation and ultraviolet radiation reaches the highest level, which has a great impact on human health. It is prone to heatstroke, chronic heat diseases and other diseases. In order to ensure the health of employees, enterprises need to do the following work.
